结构钢 铸铁 铝合金 结构钢 铸铁 铝合金 | ≈0.3σb ≈0.225σb ≈σb/6+73.5MPa ≈0.3σb ≈0.225σb ≈σb/6+73.5MPa | ≈0.43σb ≈0.45σb ≈σb/6+73.5MPa ≈0.43σb ≈0.45σb ≈σb/6+73.5MPa | ≈0.25σb ≈0.36σb ≈(0.55~0.58)σ-1 ≈0.25σb ≈0.36σb ≈(0.55~0.58)σ-1 | ≈1.42σ-1l ≈1.42σ-1l ≈1.5σ-1l ≈1.42σ-1l ≈1.42σ-1l ≈1.5σ-1l | ≈1.33σ-1 ≈1.35σ-1 -- ≈1.33σ-1 ≈1.35σ-1 -- | ≈1.5τ-1 ≈1.35τ-1 -- ≈1.5τ-1 ≈1.35τ-1 -- |